{
  "id": "MSG-131",
  "slug": "msg-131",
  "title": "Non-GSM characters silently force Unicode encoding",
  "statement": "Characters outside the GSM-7 alphabet — smart quotes, ™, ®, em dashes, emoji — cut the per-segment limit from 160 to 70.",
  "rationale": "A curly apostrophe pasted from a word processor more than doubles the cost of every message and can split a one-segment message into three, and nothing in the authoring flow warns you. The character is visually identical to the straight version, so this is almost impossible to spot by reading.",
  "layer": "MESSAGE_CONTENT",
  "layerSlug": "message-content",
  "object": "campaign.sample[]",
  "severity": "LOW",
  "detectability": [
    "DETERMINISTIC"
  ],
  "failureClass": "RETRY_FIELD",
  "authorities": [
    "CTIA",
    "Twilio"
  ],
  "applicabilityText": "Applies to every 10DLC registration.",
  "universal": true,
  "remediation": "Replace smart quotes with straight quotes, em dashes with hyphens, and remove ™, ® and emoji from message bodies. Retype rather than pasting from a word processor.",
  "example": "Acme Coffee: you're subscribed — replace the curly apostrophe with a straight one.",
  "phase": "approval",
  "automated": true,
  "url": "https://ekas.io/rules/10dlc/message-content/msg-131/",
  "markdown": "https://ekas.io/rules/10dlc/message-content/msg-131.md",
  "registry": "https://ekas.io/rules/10dlc/",
  "updated": "2026-07-25",
  "licence": "CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}